History’s Habits of Mind

The National Council for History Education (NCHE) believes that historical thinking develops a unique capacity to comprehend human situations, challenges, and interactions. Thinking historically introduces students to the wonders of the past and fosters the ability to make judgments about the present. History’s Habits of Mind articulates this distinctive approach, one that leads towards engaging with and understanding the contemporary world and serves as a foundation for life-long, productive learning and active citizenship.


Past Shapes the Present

Historical Empathy

Critical Reading

Interrogating Sources

Evolving Narrative

Diversity of Cultures

Understanding Impact

Decisions and Choices

Complex World

Patient Reflection

WWII poster with woman saluting

List of all Habits of Mind